Japan: in the 15th century the Japanese
developed an abacus called the soroban which in 1946 was tested
against an electronic calculator for speed and accuracy - the soroban
beat the calculator by a final score of 4-1!
India: around 1800 BC the Indians began
working with infinity. By 400 BC they had defined five different
types of infinity!
Persia: Persian mathematician named
Muhammad al-Khwarizmi was the first to use the term algebra (al-Jabr)
in the title of his book on solving linear and quadratic equations
Latin America: The Mayans of central
America were the first to use the number zero as a placeholder.
This allowed them to use very large numbers far ahead of the rest
of the world.
Greece: Greek history is full of stories
in mathematics, including a cult that worship numbers! The Pythagorean
Brotherhood believed that all numbers could be written as fractions.
When one member proved that the square root of two could not be
written as a fraction the brotherhood killed him for blasphemy!
Egypt: The first culture to work with
rational numbers were the Egyptians around 3000 BC where they only
used unit fractions, or fractions with numerators of one. Fractions
that couldn’t be written with a numerator of one can be written
as a sum of fractions with a numerator of 1.
ee can be written as a sum of fractions with a numerator of 1